NAME

gregister -- transform a list of images from one coordinate system to another

USAGE

gregister input output database transforms

PARAMETERS

input

List of images to be transformed.

output

List of output images.

database

The name of the text file database produced by GEOMAP containing the coordinate transformation(s).

transforms

The list of the database record(s) containing the transformations. The number of transforms must be 1 or the same as the number of input images. Transforms is usually the name of the text file input to GEOMAP which lists the reference and input coordinates of the control points.

geometry = "geometric"

The type of geometry to be applied: The choices are:

linear

The linear part, shifts, scales and rotations are computed.

geometric

The full transformation is computed.

xmin = INDEF, xmax = INDEF, ymin = INDEF, ymax = INDEF

The minimum and maximum x and y reference values of the output image. Xmin, xmax, ymin and ymax default to minimum and maximum values set in GEOMAP, and may not extend beyond the bounds of those parameters.

xscale = 1.0, yscale = 1.0

The output x and y scales in units of reference x and y units per pixel, e.g "/ pixel or Angstroms / pixel if the reference coordinates are arc-seconds or Angstroms. If the reference coordinates are in pixels then xscale and yscale should be 1.0 to preserve the scale of the reference image. The default is set for pixel coordinates. If xscale and yscale are undefined (INDEF), xscale and yscale default to the range of the reference coordinates over the range in pixels. Xscale and yscale overide the values of ncols and nlines.

ncols = INDEF, nlines = INDEF

The number of columns and lines in the output image. Ncols and nlines default to the size of the input image. If xscale or yscale are defined ncols or nlines are overidden.

xsample = 1.0, ysample = 1.0

The coordinate surface subsampling factor. The coordinate surfaces are evaluated at every xsample-th pixel in x and every ysample-th pixel in y. Transformed coordinates at intermediate pixel values are determined by bilinear interpolation in the coordinate surfaces.

interpolant = "linear"

The choices are the following.

nearest

Nearest neighbour.

linear

Bilinear interpolation in x and y.

poly3

Third order polynomial in x and y.

poly5

Fifth order polynomial in x and y.

spline3

Bicubic spline.

sinc

2D sinc interpolation. Users can specify the sinc interpolant width by appending a width value to the interpolant string, e.g. sinc51 specifies a 51 by 51 pixel wide sinc interpolant. The sinc width will be rounded up to the nearest odd number. The default sinc width is 31 by 31.

lsinc

Look-up table sinc interpolation. Users can specify the look-up table sinc interpolant width by appending a width value to the interpolant string, e.g. lsinc51 specifies a 51 by 51 pixel wide look-up table sinc interpolant. The user supplied sinc width will be rounded up to the nearest odd number. The default sinc width is 31 by 31 pixels. Users can specify the resolution of the lookup table sinc by appending the look-up table size in square brackets to the interpolant string, e.g. lsinc51[20] specifies a 20 by 20 element sinc look-up table interpolant with a pixel resolution of 0.05 pixels in x and y. The default look-up table size and resolution are 20 by 20 and 0.05 pixels in x and y respectively.

drizzle

2D drizzle resampling. Users can specify the drizzle pixel fraction in x and y by appending a value between 0.0 and 1.0 in square brackets to the interpolant string, e.g. drizzle[0.5]. The default value is 1.0. The value 0.0 is increased internally to 0.001. Drizzle resampling with a pixel fraction of 1.0 in x and y is equivalent to fractional pixel rotated block summing (fluxconserve = yes) or averaging (flux_conserve = no) if xmag and ymag are > 1.0.

boundary = "nearest"

The boundary extension choices are:

nearest

Use the value of the nearest boundary pixel.

constant

Use a constant value.

reflect

Generate value by reflecting about the boundary.

wrap

Generate a value by wrapping around to the opposite side of the image.

constant = 0.

The value of the constant for boundary extension.

fluxconserve = yes

Preserve the total image flux. The output pixel values are multiplied by the Jacobian of the coordinate transformation.

nxblock = 512, nyblock = 512

If the dimensions of the output image are less than nxblock and nyblock then the entire image is transformed at once. Otherwise blocks of size nxblock by nyblock are transformed one at a time.

verbose = yes

Print messages about the progress of the task ?

DESCRIPTION

GREGISTER corrects an image for geometric distortion using the coordinate transformation computed by GEOMAP. The transformation is stored as the coefficients of a polynomial surface in record transforms , in the text file database . The coordinate surface is sampled at every xsample and ysample pixel in x and y. The transformed coordinates at intermediate pixel values are determined by bilinear interpolation in the coordinate surface. If xsample and ysample = 1, the coordinate surface is evaluted at every pixel. Use of xsample and ysample are strongly recommended for large images and high order coordinate surfaces in order to reduce the execution time.

Xmin , xmax , ymin and ymax define the range of reference coordinates represented in the output picture. These numbers default to the minimum and maximum x and y reference values used by GEOMAP, and may not exceed these values. The scale and size of the output picture is determined as follows.

	ncols = ncols(input)
	if (xscale == INDEF)
	    xscale = (xmax - xmin ) / (ncols - 1)
	else
	    ncols = (xmax - xmin) / xscale + 1

	nlines = nlines(input)
	if (yscale == INDEF)
	    yscale = (ymax - ymin ) / (nlines - 1)
	else
	    nlines = (ymax - ymin) / yscale + 1

The output image gray levels are determined by interpolating in the input image at the positions of the transformed output pixels. If the fluxconserve switch is set the output pixel values are multiplied by the Jacobian of the transformation. GREGISTER uses the routines in the 2-D interpolation package.

The output image is computed in nxblock by nyblock pixel sections. If possible users should set these number to values larger than the dimensions of the output image, in order to minimize the number of disk reads and writes required to compute the output image. If this is not feasible and the image rotation is small users should set nxblock to be greater than the number of columns in the output image, and nyblock to be as large as machine memory will permit.

If the environment variable nomwcs is "no" then the world coordinate system of the input image is modified in the output image to reflect the effects of the linear portion of the registration operation. Support does not yet exist in the IRAF world coordinate system interface for the higher order distortion corrections that GREGISTER is capable of performing.

TIMINGS

It requires approximately 70 and 290 cpu seconds to correct a 512 by 512 square image for geometric distortion using a low order coordinate surface and bilinear and biquintic interpolation respectively (Vax 11/750 far).

EXAMPLES

1.

Transform an image to the reference coordinate system of a 512 by 512 pixel square image. The output image will have the same scale and size as the reference image if the reference coordinates are in pixels.

cl> geomap coords database 1.0 512.0 1.0 512.0
cl> gregister input output database coords

2.

Repeat the previous example but rescale the output image. The scale of the output image will be 2.5 reference units per pixel and its size will be determined by the xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax parameters (1.0, 512.0, 1.0, 512.0).

cl> geomap coords database 1.0 512.0 1.0 512.0
cl> gregister input output database coords xscale=2.5 yscale=2.5

3.

Correct an image for 3rd order geometric distortion using an output scale of 2 reference units per pixel unit and bicubic spline interpolation with no flux correction.

cl> geomap coords database 1.0 512.0 1.0 512.0 xxorder=4 xyorder=4 \
xxterms=yes yxorder=4 yyorder=4 yxterms=yes
cl> gregister input output database coords xscale=2. yscale=2. \
>>> inter=spline3 flux-

4.

Transform three images using 3 different transformation records stored in the database file.

cl> geomap coord1,coord2,coord3 database 1. 512. 1. 512.
cl> gregister im1,im2,im3 imout1,imout2,imout3 database \
>>> coord1,coord2,coords3

5.

Repeat the above example using the textfiles inlist, outlist, reclist which contain the list of input images, list of output images and list of coordinate files respectively.

cl> geomap @reclist database 1. 512. 1. 512.
cl> gregister @inlist @outlist database @reclist

BUGS

Support does yet exist in the IRAF world coordinate system interface for the higher order distortion corrections that GREGISTER is capable of performing.

SEE ALSO

imshift, magnify, rotate, imlintran, geomap, geotran, geoxytran