.help xyacc
.nf
This directory contains the source for the Yacc compiler compiler (Stephen C.
Johnson), as modified to produce SPP language parsers.  You should have a
UNIX source license to use this software on your machine.  For the most part,
the operation of SPP/Yacc is as described in the Yacc reference manual, with
the important differences noted below.  A complete working example of a desk
calculator program may be found in the subdirectory debug, file dc.y.

Notes on SPP Yacc

    (1)	The Yacc input syntax is unmodified, except that the comment convention
	is now as in SPP, rather than C (i.e., use #, rather than /*..*/).
	All defines, actions, etc. are of course given in the SPP language.

    (2)	The Yacc output file is "ytab.x", rather than "y.tab.c".  The token
	defs file "y.tab.h" now contains SPP defines, rather than C #defines.
	The states file "y.output" is completely unmodified.

    (3)	The global declarations section %{ .. %} had to be changed somewhat
	because SPP does not have global variables.  The section is now
	divided into two subsections.  The first is for global defines,
	includes, etc. which go into the header area of the ytab.x file.
	Then follows a %L, telling Yacc that the local declarations for
	the parser procedure follow.  This second section should contain
	variable and function declarations required for the user supplied
	actions (code fragments to be executed when a rule of the grammar
	is recognized) in the yyparse procedure.

    (4)	The global declarations section MUST contain the following two
	defines:

		YYMAXDEPTH	Depth of the parser stacks; determines
				the maximum complexity of a language
				construct which can be parsed.  A typical
				value is 150.

		YYOPLEN		The length, in struct units, of a token
				operand value structure.  You define the
				operand structure to be whatever you wish;
				all the parser needs to know is how big an
				element is.  The lexical analyzer and the
				actions, both of which are supplied by the
				user, use the operand structure for
				communications.  Operand structures are
				always referred to by a Mem pointer.

    (5)	The calling sequence for the parser is as follows

		status = yyparse (fd, debug, yylex)

	where
		status is OK, EOF, or ERR (syntax error)
		fd is the text stream to be parsed
		debug is a boolean, true to print debugging info
		yylex is the user supplied lexical analysis procedure.

	The calling sequence for the lexical analysis procedure is as
	follows (the name "yylex" may be anything):

		token = yylex (fd, yylval)

	where
		Token is the integer code for the token.  The tokens are
		    named in the Yacc grammar, and are defined either by
		    the user or by Yacc in the header area of ytab.x.
		    If Yacc is permitted to assign codes to tokens, the
		    token defininitions file ytab.h is written out.
		fd is the file to be read
		yylval is a POINTER to the token value structure to be
		    returned by yylex.

    (6)	The SPP version of Yacc, unlike the C version, does not use any
	external or global variables for communication between routines,
	and hence it is possible for several distinct parsers to coexist
	in the same image.  If this is done, the user supplied yylex
	procedures should be named something else, and the name of the
	parser procedure (yyparse) should be changed.  This can be done
	by putting a "define yyparse" in the global definitions area.

    (7)	Token values (i.e., $$, $1, $2, yyval, yylval, etc.) are always
	pointers to structures in the SPP version, as opposed to structures
	in the C version.  Thus actions like

		{ $$ = $1; }

	which are common in the C version, are programmed like this in SPP:

		{ YYMOVE ($1, $$) }
	
	where YYMOVE is a Yacc supplied macro which copies an operand
	structure.

    (8)	The source for the language independent part of the parser is given
	in "lib$yaccpar.x".

Doug Tody, 21 Feb 84.
20Jan85:
	y.tab.x -> ytab.x (etc), added EOF token
20Apr85:
	lib$yaccpar.x, deleted entry points for examining parser stack and
	other context state variables.